10 Best Fall Color Forest Views in the US and Canada

Is The Argument Of Academic Work Can Be Channeled Through...

The essays are related because Graff proposes the argument of academic work can be channeled through personal interests. Peacocke s essay provides an example of Graff s argument because she provides a remarkable piece of literature talking about the pros and cons of her favorite show Family Guy. I really enjoyed how Peacocke used examples from very comical moments in Family Guy like the Business instructional video in the 1950s that had some sexism on how to treat women in the workplace. She showed the negative impacts of the show like the protests of parents, but it was brought back two times after fans pressured Fox into reopening the show. Video games are an interest of mine, which can be intellectual because of how they are made,†¦show more content†¦Then the animation and motion stage begins. The programmers then used advanced coding technology to make the exoskeleton move in the background and it begins to come to life. Next is the environment the game takes place. Det ails like a shimmering reflection off a window, or how realistic water in a lake looks often goes unnoticed by the players, but it makes the game environment look that much more impressive. 3-D objects are created by using polygons, which are just like blank sheets of paper that are used to make creative ideas that come together. Consoles and computers use a special chip that allows images to be applied on to the polygon. Then this allows a 3-D environment to be created and interacted with the characters. The game is then coded and the testing phase begins. Coding is what puts all the gaming elements together to work as one. Games are written based on C programming to generate the codes for the polygons to make the environment with the shadows and textures. After the coding is complete, the testing phase begins by selecting a group of people interested in the game to find bugs or problems in the games. The alpha version is the first version released to fix the major flaws and the beta version is tested until the developers release the final version. The marketing phase begins with the publisher spending money to advertise for games for profit. Some methods include a

My Experience in Jaffna Free Essays

My experience in Jaffna. – Sandarangi Perera. For three long decades Sri Lanka was torn apart by a malicious war between the country’s majority and minority. We will write a custom essay sample on My Experience in Jaffna or any similar topic only for you Order Now This war made the northern part of the country inaccessible to most of us; its citizens. I myself thought that the people, culture and beauty of Jaffna and its surrounding areas would forever remain a mystery to me. However once the war ended the north opened its doors for the rest of the island to come witness all it has to offer. Even with this great opportunity at my grasp, yet I was not capable of visiting northern Sri Lanka as I simply never had the chance to. Luckily this chance was given to my fellow college mates and me by our college, the chance to see and experience the post war north. After much planning, excitement and enthusiasm we set off to Jaffna hoping to gain new experiences, to learn new lessons and to make memories as young individuals aspiring to be future journalists. Our purpose of going to Jaffna was to collect information that was needed to write the stories that each of us were assigned. The general topic assigned to the particular group that I belonged to was â€Å"agriculture†, and we were given the full freedom to choose a story we preferred under that wide topic. The task was to choose a story which has a news value. I instantly decided on writing my story about the grape cultivation in Jaffna, considering my love for the fruit and my curiosity about the process of its cultivation. On my first day in Jaffna I arranged an interview with a few government officers at the Ministry of Agriculture Northern Province. The interview was rather successful and proved to be both knowledgeable and interesting. I learned much about the history of grape cultivation in Jaffna, its plight during the war, its status after the war, the different typed of grape fruit grown in Jaffna, the problems and threats faced by the farmers and last but not least the future plans and goals set for the growth of the grape farming industry in Jaffna. Day two and three were spent visiting grape farms and interviewing the farmers to gain a much more practical knowledge about the cultivation of grapes. I must say that the grape farms we visited were by far one of the most beautiful things that I have ever witnessed. Entering each grape farm felt like walking into a land that simply was far away from Jaffna. Greenery was rare in the North. The long stretched roads often had nothing but brown, open and empty lands on either side that often felt quite dead. These farms were the absolute opposite. Every inch of the mesh above our heads was covered with light green grape vines that blocked away the scorching sun that we could not flee from the rest of the time. What looked lovelier than the grape vines themselves were the grape fruit hanging from them. Standing under those vines I couldn’t help but feel happy and refreshed. One grape farmer that I spoke to expressed to me how growing grapes was very much similar to bringing up a child. He spoke of the dedication, caring and nurturing it took to maintaining a grape farm. There were many traditions and rules entwined with this trade, there was a specific way in which every move was to be made and this made it seem to me that grape cultivation was more of an art than a business and the farmers also went on to say that sadly it is an art that is slowly dying. Our third day in Jaffna was spent visiting onion farms and Palmyra plantations and other industries related to the Palmyra plant such as handicrafts and food and drink items made out of it. Out of the places visited on that day one place in particular that I found to be interesting was a small-scale workshop where Palmyra handicrafts were made. There were about five to six women there who were weaving pretty and colourful baskets and bags and on display were the most delicate little ornaments made from various parts of the Palmyra tree. These women made weaving look rather easy as they sat there, smoothly and artistically moving their fingers creating beautiful patterns. Being a crafter myself I wanted to sit with them and try weaving, and so I did. An elderly woman offered to show me how it was done and I tried to grasp as much as I could by watching her fast moving fingers and yet when I tried to weave I failed miserably. I discovered that it wasn’t nearly as easy as they made it seem to be, yet it was quite the enjoyable experience to try anyway. Along with our busy schedules, tweeting, blogging and all the other work assigned to us we still found time to experience the beauty of Jaffna while at work. Many of the places we visited, such as the Jaffna library and religious sites had a certain calmness and beauty about them that I had not experienced prior to that. I found this experience to be one that educated me much about the practical aspects of being a journalist; making contacts, setting appointments and interviews, researching into stories and their details, checking and crosschecking, finding reliable sources, team work and so on. These lessons could not have been taught to any of us in a better way, therefore I believe I speak for all of my college mates when I say our field trip to Jaffna was a priceless experience in more ways than one. The open blue skies, the beaches, the breeze, the late nights and early mornings, the joyous moments shared with friends, the delicious food, the traditions and culture of the north and more than anything the kind people of the north have been etched into my memory never to be forgotten; and this was my experience in Jaffna. How to cite My Experience in Jaffna, Essay examples

Challenges Faced SR Limited

Questions: 1. Challenges faced by SR Limited 2. Analysis of the problem faced by SR Limited? Answers: Introduction A brief description about the report presented of the SR Limited which is oil and gas exploration and production organization and the organization facing some challenges regarding finance, drill test, field licensing, and various ethical issues. According to this report analysis the problems facing by the SR Limited and their recommendations will be mentioned over here(Sternberg, E. (2009). SR Limited is facing different kind of problems which is related to exploration and production of oil and gas industry. SR limited has to plan before testing their new field of oil and gas exploration. SR Limited confirmed their license for their new field which faces many problems in the process (Anon, 2015). As in an uncertain military attack affected their outsourcing and partnership activities. And as well as the workers of this company suffers a lot because company stops their production work for some time.(Abbe, Grimes and Fowler, 2011). The recommendationabout the company report is about an alysis of problems and different reason affects the business activity of the SR Limited. Challenges faced by SR Limited SR Limited isfaces various difficulties regarding their financial, ethical, site issues and as well as political activities etc. This company has beenfacing various problems regarding exploration and production of oil and gas (Inkpen and Moffett, 2011). This organization is during testing their new field for exploration of oil and gas, getting confirm license for the new field and other process faces several problems which affect their business production (Anon, 2015). The particular important challenges faced by company which is define with the case study, they need to think when they have to increase or decrease their financial structure for testing. SR Limited has to think about increasing the expenditure cost for drilling process for new field organization having some problems related to field size and drilling length to find oil sources expenses.The company is more dependent on fossil fuels and natural fuels. Lack of fuel may lead company to drill some more new refinery otherwis e they need to shut down the production. The SR Limited for the final product development always depends upon the drilling and search of new field. According to case study major factors are related to government policiesCorrigendum. (2013). SR Limited have all process are coordinated and directed by the corporate governance. Stakeholders and customers are mainly affected by the industries governance structure. Some more corporate responsibilities in UK are facing problems which are related to these industries. Corporate social responsibility helps companies to work under governance which is maintained by the legal authority for oil and gas industry. According to case study of Apache field SR Limited and Boring Holes in UK did partnership within the company. Because of military attack incident affects the work relationship between these companies. The recommendation in the report is after analyze the reason behind the difficulties and the other causes which affects the business process of the company from the depth of SR LIMITED is not available to bear this much negative effects in the business.According to the research it comes to know that this company is unable to manage their outsourced activities. SR Limited planni ng for its long term process, decided about all the consideration about their need of fossil fuelsCorrigendum. (2013). the lack of fossil fuels and renewable resources may lead company towards loss.Because of limited quantity of fossil fuels mostly company has to face lots of difficulties. There are three kinds of business run by the company is upstream, downstream and midstream. For exploration of production of oil and gas, mainly company uses upstream butif upstream process can be get affected so other two also wont work. The whole problems in the company regarding production can be because of internal factors.Similarly, all the production activities can get affected because of the external factors as well which is depends upon the scenarios of the workplace which is related to the organization. Analysis of the problem faced by SR Limited SR Limited has been faced different kind of problems during exploration and production of oil and gas which may lead because of internal and external factors. The external factors are mainly all legal and framework, and policies made by the organization. According to case study, because of the less expenditure limit company is not able to get license for its fourth oil field(Kotler, P. and Lee, N. (2005). SR Limited is weakest company among its competitors in oil and gas production industry because of that company is not able to fulfill its financial obligation. As according to the financial performance of the company SR Limited that revenue of the organization is same for the two supplies nation in 31march, 2014. The gross profit of company is average of 48% for the year 31march, 2015 and as well distribution cost the company is also unchanged in the year 2014.working capital of the organization is also reduced of $10million and also the level of the accounts payable is increase with $5million because of longer payment period.Taxation activities of the company are also payable at 24% of all earnings of the company after 9 months for the financial year. At the other hand the noncurrent assets of the company is now at $30 million and dividend is also paid to maintain the relationship between shareholders of the company. The insufficient amount of fossil fuel and renewable energy resources in the future can destroy the production of oil and gas. Companies haverearranged the tasks for their fuel management for future purpose otherwise it may get shut down because of its non-moving production process. The important of the case study which may destroy the production process because of the government regulationsJahdi, K. (2014). According to the case study, it is mentioned that company with whom SR Limited used to work was affected due to military attack on the area. Companys corporate governance, financial capability and others activities may arise some difficulties. According to the case study, the company is not able to take proper decision about their production process(Douglass, L. (2011). Company gets affected because of improper planning of the new work. According to the case study SR Limited was not planned about their work plan properly and improper estimation affects the business activities. The problem faced by the company because of license activity due to improper finance allocated by company for their supplier and creditors of SR Limited and its effects the different testing process of new fields . Recommendations With the point of view of a management consultant of SR Limited the suggestion regarding all the problems faced by the company because of improper flow of financial capability. By savings and make proper financial planning company can save themselves with future crisis. As in an uncertain military attack affected their outsourcing and partnership activities. And as well as the workers of this company suffers a lot because company stops their production work for some time. The recommendation about the company report is about analysis of problems and different reason affects the business activity of the SR Limited. Company must be managing the policies and framework which is assigned by the management of the company. In the negotiation process of the SR limited, company always needs to follow ethical way. Oil and gas production is interring dependent on fuels and renewable energy resources.Company has to safe adequate number of fossils for their future performance. And also stop the wastage of resources while production, organization should train their employees for this to avoid misuse of recourses(Norwood, 2014). The insufficient amount of fossil fuel and renewable energy resources in the future can destroy the production of oil and gas. Companies have rearranged the tasks for their fuel management for future purpose otherwise it may get shut down because of its non-moving production process. The important of the case study which may destroy the production process because of the government regulationsIdowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013). This is kind information for the all companies which is sincerely follow the rules of corporate social responsibility and maintain all the work in an ethical way. Maintaining ethics always gives good impacts to the business process at all manner. According to the study of cases is mainly mention that company is get effected because of unsystematic risk for that any company is not prepared properly.SR Limited must give support to the company by enhancing their power with both internal and external elements. The suggestion regarding maintaining the correlation with government bodies, companyalways have to do planning in a good manner and considering all the government authority and other factors in consideration for decoding about location for production activity. There are different Step process can be used by the organization for their better future. For example when drill test of field is required they should do it otherwise the production cycle of oil and gas will be affected. SR Limited must have to focus on their initial planning and all the related work which is attached with planning like business environment and as well as rules expenses manage by the companyEkhator, E. (2014). This company SR Limited should have estimation of their maintenance of their all cost related to exploration, production, or it can be for outsourcing process for production activities.As shown in the case study that company has faced lots of problems which is related to drilling and licensing issues because of some financial crisis and ethical issues. For starting a new location process this organization should analyze the process cost of all different factors which may related to cost of land or location of fieldEdjenekpo, L. (n.d.). SR Limited need to plan for their Long term plans by taking into consideration of their all available resources and as well as all needed resources for their production of oil and gas.This company should have all the estimated cost for production and exploration process. The gross profit of company is average of 48% for the year 31march, 2015 and as well distribution cost the company is also unchanged in the year 2014.working capital of the organization is also reduced of $10 million and also the level of the accounts payable is increase with $5 million because of longer payment period. Taxation activities of the company are also payable at 24% of all earnings of the company after 9 months for the financial year. At the other hand the noncurrent assets of the company is now at $30 million and dividend is also paid to maintain the relationship between shareholders of the company. This company must give afford to inspire their workforce as a team for the better accountability of the company.The results for case study recommendations for SR Limited should try to provide their employees security in oil and gas production locations for this reasons company will give more potentials to the image of the company for future enhancement. Conclusion According to the entire discussion in the case study make the conclusions that SR Limited is oil and gas production organization which currently is having various problems regarding their financial and as well others business related issues. According to the case study, industry is completely dependent on raw resources and lack of resources may lead companys production will be affected. SR limited has to plan before testing their new field of oil and gas exploration. SR Limited confirmed their license for their new field which faces many problems in the process (Anon, 2015). The inefficient management of company is unable to take decision about their financial ability and also operational activity.All the analysis above is showing the all the difficulty suffers by the company during their production activity of oil and gas. SR Limited is weakest company among its competitors in oil and gas production industry because of that company is not able to fulfill its financial obligation. As according to the financial performance of the company SR Limited that revenue of the organization is same for the two supplies nation in 31march, 2014Blowfield, M. and Murray, A. (2011). According to the market research the company is having stable future ahead. The board of directors of the company discussed in the meeting that SR Limited required defining their long term goals especially about their continuous lack of sustainability of fossil fuels. This organization is already stable in the field of oil and gas industry from long time back but due certain changes in marke t company is loses its holds in oil and gas market. Reference Blowfield, M. and Murray, A. (2011).Corporate responsibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Edjenekpo, L. (n.d.). Employee Perception of Nigerian Content, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Issues in the Oil and Gas Equipment and Service Industry in the Niger Delta: 2010 and Beyond.SSRN Journal. Ekhator, E. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Chinese Oil Multinationals in the Oil and Gas Industry of Nigeria: An appraisal.Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, (28), pp.119-140. Idowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013).Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Berlin: Springer. Jahdi, K. (2014). Cause-related marketing (CaRM) and corporate social responsibility (CSR).Social Responsibility Journal, 10(4), pp.674-684. Kotler, P. and Lee, N. (2005).Corporate social responsibility. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Musa, A., Yusuf, Y., McArdle, L. and Banjoko, G. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria's oil and gas industry: the perspective of the industry.IJPMB, 3(2), p.101. Sternberg, E. (2009). CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 1.Economic Affairs, 29(4), pp.5-10. Trong Tuan, L. (2012). Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and corporate governance.Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), pp.547-560. Corrigendum. (2013).Party Politics, 19(2), pp.377-377. Corrigendum. (2013).Party Politics, 19(5), pp.851-851. Douglass, L. (2011). Conclusions: Long-term management of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Future directions.Epilepsia, 52, pp.28-28. Ikonnikova, S., Browning, J., Horvath, S. and Tinker, S. (2014). Well Recovery, Drainage Area, and Future Drill-Well Inventory: Empirical Study of the Barnett Shale Gas Play.SPE Reservoir Evaluation Engineering. Inkpen, A. and Moffett, M. (2011).The global oil gas industry. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell. Jacobs, A. (2011).Governing for the long term. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jacoby, D. (2012).Optimal supply chain management in oil, gas, and power generation. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell Corp. Jin, Z. and Bai, Y. (2011). Sustainable Development and Long-Term Strategic Management: Embedding a Long-Term Strategic Management System into Medium and Long-Term Planning. World Future Review, 3(2), pp.49-69.

Michelangelos Pieta free essay sample

Maggy McLaughlin Art 204 Project #2: Form Meaning December 15, 2009 Michelangelds Pieta Michelangelds version of the Pieta is very different from the other versions from his time. He not only used Northern ideals that hadnt reached Italy yet, but Michelangelo carved his Pieta with less pain and more serenity. A piece of marble was chosen and turned into a masterpiece by Michelangelo that many people see as a significant piece of work for his era. Both Mary and Jesus are very realistic and detailed, giving the Pieta a truly humanistic look at classical beauty. Through the shape, texture, and value, Mary and Jesus were created very humanistic. The sculpture altogether is in the shape ofa triangle. The triangle shape was used to represent the Holy Trinity, symbolizing God being the three aspects of religion. The value of the shading on the Pieta affirmed the humanistic features of Mary and Jesus. Marys drapery falls down very smoothly but still shows that gravity is pulling it down with the shading and layers. We will write a custom essay sample on Michelangelos Pieta or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, Jesus ribs are deeply indented to give a hue of how the light would have hit his ribs at the time. And lastly, he smooth texture of the entire sculpture gives it a presence of calm and harmony. Although Marys drapery is very detailed and almost gouged in some areas, the texture of the Pieta is very smooth with almost a look of softness. Michelangelo used formal elements like texture and shape to focus the viewers attention on the religious and tranquil aspect of the situation. Mary was created larger than Jesus, knocking off the proportions, since at the time of the Crucifixion Mary should have been smaller than Jesus. The symbolism behind Marys large size empowers Mary and weakens Jesus. Even with the size ratio of Mary and Jesus, Michelangelo formed the two bodies in sync to create unity around the sculpture. The angle of Jesus body, his left arm resting on Marys lap, Mary looking down on her son, and the slant of her drapery all flow together in unison. The contour of the two bodies gave the sculpture rhythm. The design elements applied to Michelangelds Pieta contributed to his version created balance and flow between the two graceful figures. To look at the iconography and form of the Pieta Michelangelo created in the Renaissance Era explains his perception of religion and shows that he was a free hinker of his time. The soft use of texture and humanistic touch to both Mary and Jesus are very different than other Pietas created around the same time. Michelangelo gave little details to keep the sad situation of a mother loosing her son more enlightening. Marys peaceful expression on her face and Jesus resting appearance takes away from the real situation than other artists portrayed as devastating. Michelangelo also gave the touch of Mary looking at Jesus while Jesus composure is to stick by the Christian belief to look towards God when things get tough.

germany after world war 1 essays

germany after world war 1 essays Assess the impact of the German army on the political process in Germany between 1918 and 1933 (1200 words) The German army both supported and undermined the political process in Germany between 1918 and 1933. It also held influence over the performance of individual political parties and the power that the government held. However the size of the German army reduced its power to defend or attack the government. In this way the Treaty of Versailles effected the impact the German military could make for or against the government. At the same time the size meant that the army generally remained united and in this way were more efficient when used for a purpose. Overall its impact was as a peacekeeper and thus it spent more time keeping order than upsetting the German political process. To assess the impact of the army on the political process within Germany it is necessary to look at and assess the capabilities of the military. The Treaty of Versailles dramatically decreased the size of the German military. The German General-Staff was abolished and the army itself restricted to 100, 000 men. The effect of this was however to create a very tight nit unit. By reducing the army to only its best and most experienced troops the government were left with little influence within that inner circle. Thus the army held little loyalty towards the new republic. This process also routed out the poorer working class members of the military, potential leftist supporters. Therefore the German army were always inclined to support right wing revolutionaries. Left wing uprisings however were ruthlessly put down allowing men such as Hitler to work his way into power. However the fact that the military was so small allowed revolutionaries hope for success and thus the Treat y of Versailles plays a significant role in distabilising Germanies political process for years to come. The defeat of the Spartacist movement i ...

Site visit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Site visit - Assignment Example We go to our churches regularly for prayers. Our way of dressing, eating styles, way of performing religous rituals and every other thing reflects our religion. It is very ironic because in past our descendants were under the rule of Roman Empire and they had faced many persecution and death penalties to convert their religion but now the things are changed. We can practice our religion easily. Obviously. My descendants had faced persecution and deaths just because they refused to follow the roman emperors and followed the paths of Jesus. Our religion brings no harm to the humanity and spread the message of love and peace so why shouldn’t I raise my children according to the holy teachings of Christ. And beside this our children are very well aware from the history of their forefathers, so they know what is good and what is bad. Moreover I’m extremely satisfied with my religion and its teachings so I’m indeed looking forward to raise my children under the light of my religion. No. I was not a born Coptic. My forefathers used to follow the roman emperors as we were under the rule of Roman Empire in the beginning. But when we converted to Christians it was difficult in the beginning to face the hardships but we knew it was the right path so we followed are believes wholeheartedly. It doesn’t matter what was your past religion and believes unless you are fully satisfied with your current religious status. Converting into a Coptic Christian is not a difficult thing. You just have to know the teachings and believes of Coptic, what their faiths truly are and what theology they follow and why. If you are satisfied with that you can go to any Coptic church either they are catholic and orthodox or after the rituals you can convert into a Copt. Religion is a way of life. I’ve learned about my religion from my forefathers, from our surroundings and form our social lives. Moreover from the path

Business report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Business report - Essay Example London set out to fight this challenge by taking on a new technique in the preparation and carrying out of the games, and with its great success it set high standards for future host cities of the Olympics. From the outset, the London Olympics Delivery Authority has outlined a number of key objectives. These were: They would set out to make the London Olympic Games the Greenest games ever. This would be the greatest challenge given that the site of the new Queen Victoria Park, which would be the games main attraction, was highly contaminated. The Olympics Delivery Authority had to not just consider the games but beyond so as to determine how the utilization of the venues would bring about certain return on investment. The creation of the Olympic Park was one of London’s Olympics most visible achievements. The park was rehabilitated from what was once a contaminated industrial land full of waste materials and unfriendly environmental hazards. After construction, the Olympic Par k became the largest new urban parkland in all of Europe for the past 150 years. Slick incorporation of recycled materials into the architectural layout of the Olympic venues made them boast of quit impressive sustainability credentials. An example was the Olympic Stadium, where the ‘top ring’ of the venue was constructed using surplus gas supply pipes. Another major achievement was the utilization of recycled rainwater and the implementation of the "zero waste" policy. This was achieved in the construction of the following; The Olympic Velodrome. This was constructed with 100% sustainably sourced timber, and this drifted away from the normal use of stone and ballast or welded metal which are great contributors in pollution and also time consuming in construction. The Copper Box. This was covered with recycled copper that helped save on construction costs and also reduced water use by 40% with installations of water harnessing structures that recycled rainwater. The Lon don Olympics 2012 was able to measure its carbon footprint over the whole project term and it committed and achieved a ‘zero waste’ to landfill target implemented through the Zero Waste Games Vision. The organisers of the Games were able to save the correspondent of 400,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide and this was attributed to their sustainable practices. Recycling was a major achievement with 62% of that waste being recycled, reused or composted and 99% of the waste from the installation of the Games venues was recycled or reused. The innovative biomass boilers that supplied cooling and heating to buildings in the Olympic park by burning woodchips and a range of sustainable fuels continue to serve the community long after the completion of the games. The end of the Games did not mean an end to the sustainability project rather it was a flagship. A number of environmental projects in East London continue to benefit from funding in relation to the sustainability legacy of London Olympics 2012. There was a launch of government grants awarded to local community groups and civil societies to help provide practical information and advice about sustainable living. These initiated projects encourage the community to adopt more sustainable lifestyles, from reducing energy use and cycling more. These recent legacy highlight schemes include: Annual Ride-London Event- Two day world class cycling event. Wild Kingdom, Three Mills Greens in Stratford- A play-area for kids with

Management (individual influence on the organization) Essay

Management (individual influence on the organization) - Essay Example For instance, while developing plans, the roles of individuals along with their leadership styles also their decisions, will deeply control how they plan their tactics for the future. In specific the behavioral and the cognitive styles of leadership have deeply affected the organizations of today. With reference to some of the experts in the field, an independent leadership style gives in positive energy to the triumph of a corporation whilst a dramatic imagination, the tendency to believe in provisions of metaphors rather than expressions, as a rule generates a better level of leadership decisions. There are a lot of instances of where the disparity amid triumph and collapse of a business entity has been unswervingly accredited to the leadership style of its higher management. Complete organizational tasks bring about a limitless level of patience for dissatisfaction mainly as leaders set a soaring accent on the outcomes. Nevertheless, the efficient leader recognizes that realizing these outcomes impose joint efforts for which the leader ought to be people orientated. So, the value of leadership styles towards the success of a corporation cannot be modest. Thriving leaders have to be efficient altering agents. They have to be able to come to terms with the varying outlook of their elements.

Impacts of the Mass Media on Enculturation

Impacts of the Mass Media on Enculturation Popular America CultureIntroduction Mass media and popular culture are quite interconnected. Mass media has a great influence on culture construction. This term paper discusses the impacts of mass media on enculturation. It will look at the relationships among media and the normative cultural values formation. Finally the paper will discuss the influence of the internet on culture and communication means. Real world examples are given to substantiate the paper. Part IImpact of the mass media on enculturation Enculturation can be viewed as the process through which persons learn the contents of a culture and assimilates them to their lives. Mass media has grown in popularity and has formed part of our daily enculturation. This is due to the huge impact of mass media on enculturation. The Random House Unabridged Dictionary (1997) defines enculturation as a process whereby persons learn group culture by experience, observation, and instruction. The society is accessing technology more easily with time. The mass media communication devices are quickly flooding every corner of the society making dissemination of information quite easily to all the ages of people. Media has been able to make some of the topics which were never discussed freely to be so discussed. This has impacted both negatively and positively on the people receiving the information. Age groups which were not in a position to access some information in the past can access it freely and to whatever level they desire. A lot of research has been conducted on the antisocial and prosocial impact of the media. According to Motion Picture Research Council movies have a potential of causing antisocial behaviors in children. It is claimed that many of the things which are learnt from movies have antisocial overtones. In the 1950s the comic books were also added to the list of the contributors to the antisocial behaviors (Wertham, 1954). The 1950s saw many experiments conducted on the TV shows. These included the Bandura experiments which implicated violent media with aggressive behaviors among children. The Media has also been associated with sex. Some media houses have got programs which exclusively talk about sex. Some TV shows have taught the teenagers and the public in general how to dress sexily and live what is commonly called a sex lifestyle. Walking around in any city it is very easy to meet sexual sentiments. Broadcasts have shaped sex to be a popular way of self expression (Bandura, 1977). The Sesame street program is an example of TV series which has shown much [positive impact among its views. According to Minton (1975) the program was able to prepare children in readiness for school (Minton 1975). According to CBS Broadcast Group (1974) Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids was quite helpful in teaching prosocial lessons to children (CBS Broadcast Group 1974). Most action movies for instance Prison break shows how authorities can be successful fooled and any evidence of crime committed erased. This can possibly have a bad impact on some third world countries whose security system are still shaky and people criminals ca n easily imitate what they see in movies with much success. MTV is a good example of a modern influencer on popular culture. This is especially pronounced for the case of the youths who from the major part of viewers of MTV. Take for instance the Saturday Night Show. The program is designed with adverts cutting in e very other minute. Due to the popularity of the show the adverts made surely have the eyes and ears millions listeners. The teenagers who form the majority of the views of this show are prone to be influenced by the adverts. Everyday millions of impressionable teenagers watch a show called Saturday Night Live. Part II The relationship among the media, advertising and formation of normative cultural values In explaining how the media can influence the formation of normative cultural values, Van Evra (1990) proposes the script theory. He argues that since most views have little experience on life matters the media brings these matters to the views frequently. For instance if a person has never experience violence in life, the experience can be felt virtual when one is exposed to the violence in media frequently given pattern of violence is created. This pattern is dictated only by the media being the major source of knowledge of violence to the person watching (Van Evra, 1990). The media, being a major source of information on many issues in life, the views are inclined to adopt the culture portrayed by the media concerning the topic in question. Comstock and Paik (1991) try to shed some light on how the media can help in shaping up a culture among the fans. They argue that in most cases the media portrays life issues in unique, compelling and unusual manner which is likely to attract and arouse the attention of the fans. This makes the way life issues are handled in the media to be the most attractive way of adoption. They quote the social cognition theory which claims that patterns which are portrayed repetitively and redundantly are likely to prompt the fans to adopt the patterns unconsciously (Comstock Paik, 1991). Comstock and Paik (1991) also claims that the way characters are framed in the media makes their way of handling issues the only way of handling a real life issue in which some one has no experience on. It should also be noted that media stars like musicians are popularized by the media. Fans of such stars tend to imitate what these stars do. A good example is the popularity of soap operas especially among the youth. These are mostly based around love issues. Most youth have resolved to adapt to the way love issues are handled in the soaps. Another good example is how music is spreading dressing code among the youth. It is very conspicuous among the black American musicians to dress in a unique way. This is especially for the case rap and hip hop music which is very popular among the youth all over the world. Most youth have adapted to these musicians way of dress codes and way of life especially in the African countries (Comstock Paik, 1991). Part III The social impact of the internet The internet connection has contributed much to globalization. Globalization has much impact on blending different cultures and homogenizing them. Through the internet information flow is possible to all the corners of the earth. Research has shown the usage of internet is quickly replacing the other media especially TV watching. This is because the time traditional dedicated to watching TV is being used for internet surfing (Weaver, 1998). Basically the net is used for information, communication, entertainment and affiliation. The internet is so broad that it covers almost every part and issues of life aspects. The internet is likely to have a great influence than all the other forms of media because of its unique. The internet can actual substitute all the other forms of communication. Through the internet one to one communication is possible almost everywhere. Through the use of blackberry, one is able to get in touch with other people at any time. The internet has all the attractive features of all the media and thus easily influences its users very easily (Weaver, 1998). The internet is also quite addictive due to its unlimited potential of accessing information. A good example of how the internet has influenced its user is through the facebook. Facebook is able connect people who are any distance apart. Their easy to use make them popular and as a result make the dissemination of information faster. Through this features various cultural aspects are exchanges among the users of such sites. Through such sites cultural values are transferable to different parts of the world. Conclusion Media is quite influential in the formation and dissemination of cultural values. This is because media has taken the center stage of information source of any kind. Through the depiction of life issues in a unique way, the users of media are tempted to adapt the media way of doing things and as a result end up adapting a way of life which is depicted by the media probably from a different part of the globe. Through such culture values are spread to different parts of the earth. The internet has of late become the most popular way that information is passed around. References Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. CBS Broadcast Group. (1974). Fat Albert and the Cosby kids. New York, NY: Willey Sons. Comstock, G., Paik, H. (1991). Television and the American child. New York, NY: Academic Press. Van Evra, J. (1990). Television and child development. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Weaver, A. (1998). Net worth Working Woman, 23(1), pp. 20. Wertham, F. (1954). The seduction of the innocent. New York, NY: Holt Publishers.

Waterlily By Ella Cara Deloria :: Waterlily, Ella Cara Deloria

Waterlily by Ella Cara Deloria Waterlily is a book based on the events that happen within a particular Dakota Indian family's life. Not only does it depict the affairs of blue Bird's life and her family, but it documents the rituals and culture of the Dakota people. With illustrative words and graphic details, the incidences within the story can be visualized and understood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story begins with the occurrences that take place with a certain individual, Blue Bird. Blue Bird is traveling with a camp of Dakotas and is carrying a baby while doing so. While on the path, Blue Bird feels it is time to have her baby and went off into the trees to have her baby. Seeing how beautiful her baby was Blue Bird exclaimed, â€Å"How beautiful you are! As beautiful as the waterlillies. You to are a waterlily, my waterlily.† (p. 6). Blue Bird ends up marrying a man, Star Elk, whom doesn't favor her grandmother very much. Star Elk is a lazy, jealous man who is sub-standard in Dakota male value. He demonstrates this effectively when he â€Å"throws away his wife† (p. 16) at a victory dance. Men weren't suppose to publicly display emotion in Dakota tradition. After being publicly humiliated, Blue Bird, her grandmother and Waterlily luckily and happily ran into their family's tiyospaye. The reason why it was so fortunate is because Blue Birds parents and brothers were killed one day when Blue Bird was about fourteen. They were taken in and made to feel at home. Along with finding their family, Blue Bird also met her new husband, Rainbow. Rainbow was a good provider, hard worker and a widow who had a son.

Religious Views on War Essay

1. To complete this Graded Assignment, retrieve the Religious Views on War DBQ. Use this document with its essay instructions and the DBQ Checklist to complete this DBQ essay. Please consult the rubric throughout the process. Using the documents, compare the views of major world religions on war. What additional kind of document(s) would you need to compare the views of major world religions on war? Essay: Three major world religons have their roots in India: Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. Buddhism and Sikhism both grew from Hinduism. All three share the idea of non-violence (ahimsa). The term ‘non-violence’ was actually coined in English (about 1920) by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) as a direct translation of ‘ahimsa’, ‘avoiding harm to others’. The idea of non-violence was very important to Mahatma Gandhi’s thinking and actions as a Hindu leader during India’s approach to independence in 1947. He wrote: ‘I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanent Hinduism is perhaps the oldest world religion; in some of its writings ahimsa has been considered the highest duty from the beginning of time. Jainism also grew out of Hinduism; Jainists believe that people should strive to become detached from the distractions of worldly existence; and that the practice of ahimsa is an essential step on the way to personal salvation Buddhism developed from the teaching of Siddhartha Gautama, called the Buddha (c.563 – 483 BC), who believed that human suffering could be overcome by following a particular way of life. The first precept of Buddhism is ‘non-harming’ (ahimsa): Buddhists reject violence. Buddhism is clearly pacifist in its teaching, and many Buddhists say quite bluntly that it is ‘better to be killed than to kill’. Some Buddhists have been very active in promoting peace, particularly during the Vietnam War (1961- 1975), when they  offered a ‘Third Way’ of reconciliation between the American and Communist armies. Some Buddhist monks burned themselves to death in self-sacrificing protest against the war. In the Guru’s house, religion and worldly enjoyment should be combined – the cooking pot to feed the poor and needy and the sword to hit oppressors.

Penny Press Creator Benjamin Day Changed Journalism

Penny Press Creator Benjamin Day Changed Journalism Benjamin Day was a printer from New England who started a trend in American journalism when he founded a New York City newspaper, The Sun, which sold for a penny. Reasoning that a growing working-class audience would respond to a newspaper that was affordable, his invention of the Penny Press was a genuine milestone in American journalism history. While Day’s newspaper proved successful, he was not particularly suited to being a newspaper editor. After about five years of operating The Sun, he sold it to his brother in law at the very low price of $40,000. The newspaper continued to publish for decades. Day later dabbled with publishing magazines and with other business endeavors. By the 1860s he was essentially retired. He lived on his investments until his death in 1889. Despite his relatively short tenure in the American newspaper business, Day is remembered as a revolutionary figure who proved that newspapers could be marketed to a mass audience. Early Life of Benjamin Day Benjamin Day was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on April 10, 1810. His family had deep roots in New England going back to the 1830s. While in his teens Day was apprenticed to a printer, and at the age of 20 he moved to New York City and began working in print shops and newspaper offices. He saved enough money to start his own printing business, which nearly failed when the cholera epidemic of 1832 sent a panic through the city. Trying to salvage his business, he decided to start a newspaper. Founding of The Sun Day was aware that other low-cost newspapers had been tried elsewhere in America, but in New York City the price of a newspaper was generally six cents. Reasoning that working-class New Yorkers, including newly arrived immigrants, would read a newspaper if they could afford it, Day launched The Sun on September 3, 1833. At the outset, Day put the newspaper together by repackaging the news from out of town newspapers. And to stay competitive he hired a reporter, George Wisner, who ferreted out news and wrote articles. Day also introduced another innovation, newsboys who hawked the newspaper on street corners. The combination of a cheap newspaper that was easily available was successful, and before long Day was making a good living publishing The Sun. And his success inspired a competitor with far more journalism experience, James Gordon Bennett, to launch The Herald, another penny newspaper in New York, in 1835. An era of newspaper competition was born. When Horace Greeley founded the New York Tribune in 1841 it was also initially priced at one cent. At some point, Day lost interest in the day-to-day work of publishing a newspaper, and he sold The Sun to his brother in law, Moses Yale Beach, in 1838. But during the short time he was involved in newspapers he had successfully disrupted the industry. Day’s Later Life Day later launched another newspaper, which he sold after a few months. And he started a magazine called Brother Jonathan (named for the common symbol for America before Uncle Sam became popular). During the Civil War Day retired for good. He admitted at one point that he had not been a great newspaper editor, but had managed to transform the business â€Å"more by accident than design.† He died in New York City on December 21, 1889, at the age of 79.

Pilgrimage essays

Pilgrimage essays As early as the 4th century A.D. pilgrimage started developing. This first started occur after Emperor Constantine legalizes Christianity. As Christianity was already legally spreading it gained many followers who wanted to gain purification in their souls and salvation by going to holly places such as Jerusalem. Pilgrimage is in a way a journey to a Spiritual transformation expressed in an act of homage to the deity and its early representatives involving travel to a holy site. Most of the places where people would go to a pilgrimage such as Canterbury (St. Theodores bones) in England or Santiago de Compostela (St. James bones) in Spain are connected with relics. This is a physical object with sacred meaning. What was so sacred? It was an example of the contact of the mental world with the transcendent. It was an example of reincarnation of Christ. Physical healing was a major reason for people to go to a pilgrimage. The Pilgrimage changed its form with the centuries. At the 11-13th centuries the Crusades were called pilgrimage. The world crusade wasnt used. During the 12-16th centuries pilgrimage was sort of remission of penance. It was to clear one from ones mistakes. The fact that one has already prepared and is on his way to a pilgrimage meant that he is already forgiven for his deeds. Pilgrimage helped not just for spiritual transformation but also for economic growth for the land that was visited by the pilgrims. Also, pilgrimage helped for better geographical understanding of foreign countries and even for the creation of maps. It was very useful for people from one side of the world to understand the culture, the art, music and architecture of people from the other side of the world. It was very important that during pilgrimage people would do some trade even sometimes souvenirs. ...

How does Marc Webb's (500) Days of Summer qualify as a new narrative Essay

How does Marc Webb's (500) Days of Summer qualify as a new narrative - Essay Example Pop culture references of the film greatly contribute to the overall feel of the movie as a New Narrative. The first observable feature of the film is the sequence of events. It does not follow the linear narrative as what other movies do. Although the characters could resemble a next door neighbor, their beliefs are likewise, not typical. Mostly in other movies with the same genre as (500) Days, it is the female characters who are seen to be in the depressive mood every time there is a break-up. On the contrary, Summer, the female lead character possesses a more masculine outlook about love, believing that there is no such thing as â€Å"true love† and is not interested in finding a boyfriend. In one of the scenes where Tom, Summer, and another character were having a conversation, he referred to Summer as â€Å"She’s a dude† (Webb). Tom, on the other hand, is a hopeless romantic. There was even a scene where the ecstatic feeling of Tom was portrayed in a way th at it involves the whole setting of the film. A series of dance routines and an appearance of a cartooned bird were used to serve as exaggeration elements to connote Tom’s happiness. A distinct characteristic of New Narrative is its emphasis on sex and emotions.

Crisis Report Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Crisis Report - Research Paper Example As the crisis is still ongoing, various news reports have revealed that both Malaysian and Philippine governments are negotiating to address the issue. Apparently, the Sultan of Sulu, who should be under the governance of the Philippine government, failed to heed the President of the Philippines’ admonitions, to wit: â€Å"Aquino appealed for his compatriots to return home peacefully and even sent a navy ship staffed with Filipino-Muslim leaders, social workers and medical personnel to facilitate their withdrawal. However, he finally lost patience with the recalcitrant Sulu insurgents and said on Saturday that they must surrender â€Å"without conditions.† The rebels had previously snubbed two deadlines to vacate the land† (Campbell, 2013, par. 2). Therefore, it is evident that no formal committee between these two governments were formed to specifically address the crisis; and all recommended solution to resolve the conflicts have apparently failed cause the deaths during the violent encounters between troups from both countires. 3. How long does the crisis last? Currently, the crisis still exists; and there are no words or news that has indicated any resolution to date. It allegedly started on February 9, 2013 (Campbell, 2013) or almost three weeks ago. Apparently, different news articles have already signified official announcements from the heads of these governments. The complicating factor was the men of the heirs to the Sultanate of Sulu to have allegedly â€Å"sailed to Sabah three weeks ago to bear arms. From the perspective of Malaysia, the sultan’s â€Å"royal army† was committing a belligerent act by defying their country’s laws where the carrying of firearms is concerned† (Before the situation gets out of hand, 2013, par. 7). There were news that report the need for closely referring and evaluating the signed international obligations under the Geneva Convention (Yeen,

Guns and school violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Guns and school violence - Essay Example that any profile of a student shooter would fit too many students, since it has emerged that while some are children of divorcees, others are loners while still others are children of an ideal American family (Cavanaugh, et al, 317). However, the fundamental aspect of the Guns and school violence is the fact that; as opposed to the act of shooting the students being a snap action, the acts of shooting other students have been found to be premeditated and planned, since the student shooters were found to acquire the weapons well in advance, and even follow a considerable public path of violence (Redding and Sarah, 297). While some of the student shooters were found to plan their acts quietly, others were found to make their plans well known over a period of time, through consistent threats that eventually turn into the actualization of the violent act of shooting. The major concern is the motivating factors that drive the gun violence to increase at such a significant rate in schools. While it is worrying to think that guns can find way into schools and be used for violence perpetration, the truth is that the case is affirmative, and the incidences are even higher than could be anticipated. In fact, such occurrences have made many students and parents fear schools, preferring to undertake their learning at homes or in different private settings. According to the indicators of school crime and safety 2011 report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 6% of high school students in the USA stayed home for the feeling of being insecure either at school or on their way to school (Cavanaugh, et al, 322). This fact serves to indicate how the gun and school violence have affected the education sector in the USA, and it is threatening to paralyze public learning, especially in areas where crimes and gang violence are rampant. The report also indicated that around 7% of students in school between 9th and 12th grade admitted to have been threatened with a weapon within the

Impacts of Alcoholism on Family Welfare Essay Example for Free

Impacts of Alcoholism on Family Welfare Essay CHAPTER ONE 1. 0 Introduction 1. 1 Introduction This chapter contains the background of the problem, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, objectives of the study, research questions, justification of the study, limitations of the study, the scope of the study and the conceptual framework. 1. 2 Background to the Problem Seventy percent of Kenyan families are affected by alcoholism (Simiyu, 2006). Man has, over time, indeed come to acknowledge the fact that alcoholism is indeed destructive to the human race. This explains the reason as to why numerous studies have been conducted and some are still underway in relations to various areas where alcoholism is indeed a major threat. It is however important to note that most of these studies are mainly centered on the alcoholic. Alcoholism is a term that has many and sometimes conflicting definitions. In current and historic usage, alcoholism refers to a condition that results from continued consumption of alcohol despite the social and medical impacts that are raised by the vice. Alcoholism also referred to, in the nineteenth century and partly in the twentieth century, as dipsomania, may also refer to pre-occupation with or compulsion towards the consumption of alcohol and/or impaired ability to recognize the negative impacts of excessive alcohol consumption. The Macmillan dictionary (2002) defines the word alcoholism as a medical condition that makes it difficult to control the amount of alcohol you drink. 1. 2. 0 Alcoholism The dictionary definition of alcoholism is, a disorder characterized by the excessive consumption of and dependence on alcoholic beverages leading to physical and physiological harm and impaired social and vocational functionality. The Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research defines alcoholism as 1 a layman’s term for alcohol dependence and abuse. The medical encyclopedia defines alcoholism as a popular term for two disorders, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependent. The definition of alcoholism adopted for this study was a disorder that involves long term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive and excessive use of alcoholic beverages that impairs the drinker’s health and social relations. In this study alcoholism was characterized by frequent drinking, drinking five or more days in a week. 1. 2. 1 Family Welfare The Macmillan dictionary (2002) defines a family as a group of people who live together and are all related to one another, usually consisting of parents and children. It also defines welfare as the health and happiness of people. The definition of family welfare adopted in this study encompassed physical and psychological health, finances, employment, social life and relationships Velleman, (as cited at www.alcoholandfamilies. org). Family welfare was characterized by economy, health and safety, legal proceedings, marriage stability, responsibilities, and withdrawal. The Macmillan dictionary (2002) defines economy as the careful use of money, products or time that very little is wasted. Family economy in this study was characterized by the amount of money spent on alcohol, investment ventures and savings in respect to individual’s income. The dictionary definition of health is the condition of your body especially whether or not you are ill. Safety on the other hand refers to the fact that a thing is safe. For purpose of this study health and safety was characterized by instances of alcohol related illness or disorders, domestic violence both on women and children attributable to alcohol, accidents or any other act done which exposed the individual to harm as a result of the influence of alcohol on the person (Alcoholic) or on the family, and psychological state. 2 Responsibility is defined by the Macmillan dictionary (2002), as a state of being in charge of someone or something and of making sure that they do or what happens to them is right or satisfactory. In the study responsibility was characterized by instances of family roles of individuals (for example paying school fees by the parents), good physical and psychological availability for the family, work problems due to alcohol and its consequent negative impacts (Alcoholism). Marriage stability is a situation where marriage can raise up beyond the challenges which can lead to its break-up (Akem, 2009). For purpose of this study marriage stability was characterized by instances of divorce, separation, quarrels and disagreements. Withdrawal is to no longer take part in something or stop someone from taking part (Macmillan 2002). The definition of withdrawal adopted for this study was helping the person to get rid of his/her body off alcohol as well as the harmful physical effects of alcohol, Schuckit mace, (as cited at www. answers. com) Withdrawal in this study was characterized by attempted instances to stop alcohol consumption by either the individual or third party efforts and the respective challenges posed by the same. 1. 2. 2 Alcoholism Unmasked Up-to 50 percent of murders involves alcohol, and three or more people die in Britain due to alcohol (Holden, 1996). Approximately fourteen million people in the United States of America are alcoholics, alcohol being the third leading killer in the United States, killing twenty thousand people and injuring 1. 5 million due to drunk drivers, Drink, (as cited in Katherine, 2009). Drink also reported that 65 percent of the aggressive attacks against women involve use of alcohol by the offender with more than 60 percent of the homicides involving the use of alcohol by either the offender or the victim. According to Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) alcohol abuse affects 70 percent of families in Kenya. 3 In November 2001, over 140 people died and scores of others lost their sight after consuming an illegal laced drink. In June 2005 illegal brew laced with industrial alcohol caused the deaths of 49 people and more than 174 people were hospitalized after drinking the home made Kwona-Mbee, literally ‘see the way ahead’, brew containing methanol a toxic wood alcohol added to the concoction to give it more kick (Simiyu, 2006). According to a study carried out by WHO (2004) involving 188 patients evaluated after motor vehicle crashes in all hospitals located in Eldoret found out that 23. 4 percent were blood alcohol concentration (BAC) positive and 12. 2 percent were intoxicated. This research work indicates the impacts of alcoholism on health and safety of the alcoholic, but they fail to mention the impacts of this disorder in the family setting. Holden (1996), states that alcohol does no good for the economy, costing the British industry 1. 7 British billion pounds. There thus existed need to establish a clear link between family economy and alcoholism. About a third of alcoholics recover whether they are in treatment program or not, Vallant, (as cited in Santrock, 2005). Studies from the national institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism (NIAAA) in United States of America indicate that of all drugs, withdrawal from alcohol differs most significantly. This is so because it can be directly fatal, with an alcoholic having no serious situations having a significant risk of dying from the direct effect of withdrawal if not managed properly. This established the need to investigate how withdrawal as an aspect of family welfare is affected by alcoholism. One in three divorces is due to behavioral problems linked to drinking (Holden, 1996). In Kenya, most domestic misunderstandings are attributed to alcohol, (Simiyu, 2006). The study, therefore sought to find out the impact of alcohol on marriage stability. 4 1. 3 Statement of the Problem Research has shown that alcohol indeed has major impacts on the life of its victims. Indeed no man is an island; hence an alcoholic does not live in isolation. It is therefore expected that whereas alcohol is not good for the drunkard, it is also not good for the family of the drinker. It robs them the morally upright person that they looked up to. What might be the various aspects of the family that might be affected by having an alcoholic in the family? According to Cork, (as cited at www. alcoholandfamilies. org), researchers have often shown much concern for the alcoholic, while overlooking his/her family. There was therefore need to determine the various aspects of the family that were affected by having an alcoholic in the family. 1. 4 Purpose of the Study The purpose of the study was to investigate and establish the nature of relationship that existed between alcoholism and various aspects of family welfare of reforming alcoholics in Suneka division, using case study research design with a view of bringing to the light the intensity of alcoholism in our society. Alcoholism was characterised by frequent drinking, drinking five or more days per week. Family welfare was characterised by family health and safety, family economy, responsibility, marriage stability, instances of legal proceedings and withdrawal. 1. 5 Research Objectives The research sought to establish the impacts of alcoholism on family welfare by specifically finding out: 1. The challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on family economy. 2. The challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on marriage stability. 3. The challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on family health and safety. 5 4. Problems associated with withdrawal from alcoholism. 5. The impacts and frequency of alcoholism influence on legal proceedings perpetrated against alcoholics within the family. 6. The link between alcoholism and neglect of responsibilities. 1. 6 Research Questions In order to establish the kind of relationship that existed between alcoholism and family welfare, the research was guided by the following research questions: 1. What are the challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on family economy? 2. What are the challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on marriage stability? 3. What are the challenges posed by the negative impacts of alcoholism on family health and safety? 4. What are the problems associated with withdrawal from alcoholism? 5. What is the impact and frequency of alcoholism on legal proceedings perpetrated against alcoholics within the family? 6. What is the link between alcoholism and neglect of responsibilities? 1. 7 Significance of the Study The findings of the research sought to help: 1. Site out the impact of alcoholism in the local context which will act as an eye opener to the stakeholders concerned for instance the Ministry of Health, Human rights activists and the entire NGO community to see the need to help the affected parties. 2. Occasion, as a result, setting up of appropriate programs to help curb the menace caused by alcoholism, for instance setting up a rehabilitation centre. 3. Alcoholics see the need to stop taking alcohol, having realized the pain they inflict on their families. 6 1. 8 Limitations of the Study The study was based on a sample size of 30 respondents drawn from an accessible population which consists of individuals from Suneka community in Kisii south district. Owing to scarcity of resources, precautions should therefore be taken while generalizing findings of this research to other localities. This may be majorly due to environmental and social factors that may factor in to invalidate the findings. 1. 9 The Scope of the Study The study primarily focused on the impact of alcoholism on family welfare, a case study of Suneka division, Kisii south district, Nyanza province in Kenya. The study was based on a sample of 30 respondents and was conducted between the months of February and March 2009. 7 1. 10 Conceptual Framework ALCOHOLISM FAMILY WELFARE FAMILY HEALTH AND SAFETY MARRIAGE STABILITY FAMILY ECONOMY ALCOHOLISM RESPONSIBILITY WITHDRAWAL LEGAL IMPLICATIONS Fig. 1. 0 A conceptual framework on the relationship between alcoholism and family welfare. The study sought to find out the relationship that existed between alcoholism and components of family welfare namely: family health and safety, marriage stability, family economy, withdrawal, and the legal implications. 8 CHAPTER TWO 2. 0 Literature Review 2. 1 Introduction This chapter contains past studies in relation to alcohol and alcoholism. It has also highlighted the historical background. It particularly focuses on the impacts of alcoholism on the economy, health and safety, legal implications, marriage stability, withdrawal and responsibilities which were the pillars of this study right from the global, continental and local point of view. It also contains the critical review and the summary. 2. 2 Past Studies This section will shade light on the historical background of alcoholism, researched impacts, and the global, continental and local implications here in Kenya. 2. 2. 0 Historical Background The word alcoholism was first introduced by a Swedish physician Magnus Huss (1849) to mean poisoning by alcohol. It was later mentioned in France by M. Gabriel (1866) in his medical dissertation. This marked the evolution of the word alcoholism (as cited at www. asnwers. com/library/psychoanalysisdictionary). The most rigorous definition of an alcoholic (a person suffering from alcoholism) is the one provide by Pierre Fouquet, â€Å"An Alcoholic is any man or woman who has lost the ability to do without alcohol. † The production of alcohol dates back, to around 1400-1600 BC (Before Christ), in the Munainus region between black and Caspian seas. Commercial production of alcohol was well underway by 1500 BC, Court Wright, (as cited at www. asnwers. com/library). Alcohol is probably the oldest drug known to humanity. It was easy for the primitive people to discover that fruits and juices left to stand in warm places easily fermented to form alcoholic mixtures. Alcohol production is mainly founded on yeast cells, which in presence of warmth and 9 water continue to grow by using up the sugar until the sugar is finished or alcohol content kills them. Alcohol is a deadly poison and in high enough quantities, it kills all living things including the yeast cells that produce it, Weil Rosen, (as cited at www. alcoholicsanonymous. org)! It was initially believed (Sigmund Freud, Karl Abraham, Sandor Ferenczi) that alcohol does not create symptoms but only promotes them, removing inhibitions and destroying sublimation (Descombey, 2002). The theory of alcoholism (1905d) is summarized in terms of predominance among men, beginning at the onset of puberty, Sigmund, (as cited at www. answers. com/ library). Magnus the Swedish professor of medicine distinguishes between two types of alcoholism that is, Acute alcoholism, which is due to temporary effects of alcohol taken within a short period of time- drunkenness and intoxication; Chronic alcoholism, which is a condition caused by habitual use of alcoholic beverages in poisonous amounts over a long period of time. Prior to the nineteenth century, alcoholism was seen as a moral weakness or criminal, rather than an illness. The new, â€Å"Disease† approach to alcoholism was started in America perpetrated by the, â€Å"Alcoholism movement. † It consisted of Alcoholics Anonymous (A self help group, setup in 1935), National committee for Education on alcoholism (later The National Council on Alcoholism) and the YALE, centre for alcohol studies. The, â€Å"Alcoholism movement† Quickly spread to Britain and subsequently to the rest of the world (Heather Robertson, 1997). According to WHO (2004) In Africa, for instance, alcohol related beverages are very predominant among ethnic groups branded in different names passed from one generation to another. Among the common alcoholic beverages are: Chang’aa-Which is common among Samburu pastoralists living in northern Kenya and the whole of Kenya at large. In fact the word seems to have gained a national appeal in Kenya along with Busaa which are often used in Kisii among 10 the Gusii community. Others include: Palm wine (common along the Kenyan coast), banana beer (made from a fermented mixture of banana and sorghum flour) and Muratina (made from sugarcane and Muratina fruit-a fruit grown in Kenya). Among the Gusii community, the common alcoholic beverages used from times immemorial include Chang’aa and Busaa. Chang’aa is a distilled product resulting from malted millet, maize or sorghum alongside molasses the mixture of which has been fermented for a number of days, for instance a week. The fermented malted millet, maize or sorghum mixture in its crude state (nondistilled) produces Busaa. 2. 2. 1 Global Impact 2. 2. 1. 0 Health Alcohol has raised major attention on the international ground mainly due to its negative impacts in the society. Topping the list is the link between alcohol and its impact on health. It is important to note that alcohol on its own can cause a medical disorder known as alcoholism which was the pillar stone of this study. Studies indicate that alcoholism can arise in a genetic disorder which can be transferred to the offspring of the victim just like any other genetic disorders. It is estimated that 60 percent of those who become alcoholics are believed to have a genetic predisposition for it, Vallant, (as cited in Santrock, 2005). Hamgin and others (1999) also reported that there is a high frequency of alcoholics in first degree relatives of alcoholics. Research has shown that alcohol damages various organs in our bodies resulting to chronic diseases. Some of these organs include: 1. The Liver: Excessive consumption of alcohol results to liver cirrhosis and liver hepatitis. Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver while liver cirrhosis is a liver ailment that interferes with the livers normal structure and function. Both diseases can be fatal 11 2. Blood: Excessive consumption of alcohol interferes with both the structure and function of blood. High quantities of alcohol damages red blood cells making them to become abnormally large as well as the destruction of white blood cells which results to low immunity whereas damaging of red blood cells may lead to cancer in extremities (NIAAA). The NIAAA in the United States of America suggests that a connection exists between heavy alcohol consumption and increased cancer risk. In fact 3. 56 percent cancer cases all over the world are related to alcohol drinking resulting to 3. 5 percent of all cancer deaths. 3. Heart and circulatory system: Alcohol drinking affects these body systems causing such disease as heart attacks, stroke (which arises when a blood clot from the heart enters the circulatory system into the brain blocking blood circulation in the brain) Alcohol is also not good for pregnant women for it can lead to various birth disorders such as, Fetal Alcohol syndrome (FAS), Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). These are permanent birth defects on off-springs of women who consume material alcohol during pregnancy (NIAAA). Other health implications include Sexual dysfunction and epilepsy and in extremities even causing death directly. Despite the numerous researches on the implications of alcohol on health, not much has been done on the frequency of such health implications on families affected by alcoholism. However, for an alcoholic it is important to note, perhaps not for his/her sake but for the children’s sake, that if they continue the path to alcoholism they are putting their children at the exposure to this disorder since comprehensive studies have shown that children of alcoholics’ show a three-to-four times risk of developing the disorder. Recent studies have proved that alcoholism is 40 to 60 percent attributed to genes, leaving 40 to 50 percent on environmental influences, Schuckit; Anthenelle Schuckit, (as cited in Schonbeck, 2004). Alcohol is not also good for the brain causing psychological harm in the long run with instances such 12 as depression and anxiety with as many as 25 percent of alcoholics presenting severe psychiatric disturbances. Alcohol effect reveals an overall sluggish brain activity (Revolution health, 2007). 2. 2. 1. 1 Safety Alcoholism has also raised eye blows in relation to its influence on safety in the society. Top on this list is road accidents. Indeed in most accidents grossly impaired judgment reduced reflex activity and reduced visual perception all play their part. In the United States 41 percent of all traffic fatalities are alcohol related. On average, alcohol related motor vehicle accidents occur after every 30 minutes injuring 500,000 Americans yearly with 30 percent of all Americans involved in such accidents at one time during their life time while 50 percent of such trauma cases end up dead, (www. niaaa. nih. gov). According to Santrock (2005), 60 percent of homicides involve use of alcohol by either the offender or victim and 20 percent of suicide cases involve use of alcohol by the victim, with 65 percent of aggressive instances against women involving the use of alcohol by the offender. Santrock also reports that alcohol increases instances of aggressiveness; to be precise alcoholics are more easily provoked when drunk than when they are sober to unleash harsh words, throw a punch or pull a trigger of a gun, Dougherty, Benelt others; Fale-Steward, golden Schumacher, (as cited in Santrock, 2005). According to Seto Barbaree (as cited in Santrock, 2005), it is unfortunate that the people who are already prone to aggression are also the ones who are likely to drink and then become violent when they become intoxicated! People under the influence of alcohol, almost commit half of the rapes and other violent crimes, Abbey, Ross McDuffie; Abbey others, (as cited in Santrock, 2005). All these comprehensive research focuses on the impacts of alcoholism on the alcoholic’s safety but fails to shade light on the suffering which the family has to undergo as 13 a result. Equally most of these research findings do not bring out clearly the frequency of such hazards among families of alcoholics’. 2. 2. 1. 2 Marriage Stability It is estimated that more than 40 percent of separated or divorced women were married to or live with a problem drinker with more than three fourths of non-fatal female victims of domestic violence having reported that the assailant had been drinking (www. alcohlics-info. com). According to Holden (1996) one in every three divorces are attributed to alcohol drinking. It is clear while alcohol seems to be a clear threat to stability in marriages it is unclear, on where exactly it impairs on marriage stability. 2. 2. 1. 3 Responsibility It is estimated that a bulk of 10 percent work force in the United Kingdom have problems due to alcohol (Holden, 1996). According to Velleman, alcohol affects the quality of parenting, although the aspects of quality of parenting are not well defined (as cited at www. alcoholandfamilies. org). At the prime of alcoholism the alcoholic manifests an utter disregard to everything, including shelter, family, food, and job. These occasional flights into oblivion are best described, ironically, as, ‘Drinking to get away from the problems’ caused by drinking (www. alcoholics-info. com). These studies indicate a clear link between alcoholism and the role it plays in the execution of responsibilities at large but fails to pin-point the particular impact of alcoholism on family responsibilities and the frequency of the items mentioned above in a family setting. Santrock (2005), acknowledges the fact that binge drinking, usually associated with high BAC, to be associated with class absences, physical injuries, trouble with police and unprotected sex all instances of neglect of responsibilities by children (college students) who are a unit of the family. 14 2. 2. 1. 4 Legal Implications There are at least fifty thousand recognized alcoholics in Victoria-Australia, with one-hundred thousand drunk and disorderly convictions each year (Wright, 1991). Drinking at inappropriate times can lead to legal proceedings such as Drinking and driving, beyond the legal set limits, or public disorder. According to NIAAA (1997) forty percent of assaults are alcohol related. About 3/4 of all prisoners in 1997 were involved in alcohol or drug abuse in some way leading to their current offence (United States Department of Justice Statistics, 1997). From research already conducted there seems to be a link between alcohol and crime but on the other side no studies exists on the frequency of legal situations encountered by alcoholics in a family setting or their families or challenges faced by such families when faced by such occurrences. 2. 2. 1. 5 Withdrawal Unlike withdrawal from other drugs, withdrawal from alcohol differs most significantly from other drugs, since it can be directly fatal (NIAAA, 1997). For example it is extremely rare for heroin or cocaine withdrawal to be fatal. When people die from heroin or cocaine withdrawal they typically have serious underlying health problems which are made worse by the strain of acute withdrawal. An alcoholic however, who has no serious health, issues has a significant risk of dying from the direct effects of withdrawal if it is not properly managed. When alcohol is stopped, especially abruptly, the persons nervous system suffers from great brain imbalances. This can result in symptoms that include anxiety, life threatening seizures, delirium tremens and hallucinations, shakes and possible heart failure. During withdrawal especially acute withdrawal symptoms tend to subside after 1 3 weeks. Less severe symptoms (e. g. insomnia and anxiety) may continue as part of a post withdrawal syndrome gradually improving with abstinence for a year or more. Withdrawal symptoms begin to subside as the body and central nervous system makes adaptations to reverse tolerance and restore 15 functions towards normal body functioning. It is evident that from completed research the habitual user experiences hangover (a combination of head ache, nausea, fatigue and depression) a situation which may be very challenging. According to Hamigan others, (as cited in Thom, 2009) one in nine individuals who drink continue the path to alcoholism. However, according to Vallant, (as cited in Santrock, 2005) by the age of 65 a third of alcoholics are dead or in terrible shape; a third is still trying to bear addiction and a third is abstinent or drinking only socially. Vallant found the factors leading to successful withdrawal to be predicted by: 1. Having a strong negative experience with alcohol, for instance serious medical emergency 2. Finding a substitute depends, for instance meditation, exercise or overeating (which also has serious medical implications) 3. Developing a positive relationship such as a caring employer or a new marriage 4. Joining a support group such as Alcoholics anonymous (AA). Vallant acknowledges that more than 18 million patients currently need alcohol treatment and only one fourth ever get treatment for a number of reasons such as lack of availability of such facilities lack of adequate space, limited funding or because drinkers object to the treatment. These studies clearly depict the challenges facing withdrawal from the medical stand point. However, it is important to note that not much has been done on the impacts of withdrawal on the family set-up. 2. 2. 1. 6 Economy Alcohol also does no good for the economy. In 1989 it cost British industry 1. 7 billion United Kingdom pounds (Holden, 1996). According to a recent special report prepared for United States Congress by NIAAA, the impact of alcohol on society including violence, traffic accidents, lost work productivity and premature deaths, cost America in aggregate an estimated 188 billion United States dollars 16 annually. However, not much has been done on the impacts of alcohol on family economy and personal financial management and stability as separate from National or Global economic impacts. 2. 3 Continental Impact The continent Africa is characterized by poverty and unemployment. Extensive research has shown that these factors are a contributory to the start of alcohol intake and consequently alcoholism. African countries have high reported cases of domestic violence which are largely attributed to consumption of alcohol. Since most of the drinking population is poor and they can’t afford ‘expensive and classy’ commercial brands, they have opted for the cheap non-hygienical local brews. The drinking population also spends most of their finances on alcohol leaving their families financially unstable hence their family economy is in a terrible state. Excessive alcohol consumption also causes serious negative effect on fertility in both men and women: decreasing testicular and ovarian size, interfering with sperm and egg production and viability, disrupting menstrual cycles, and reducing libido. When pregnancy is achieved reduced quality of sperm and egg may significantly and permanently affect the quality of life, pre and post-natal, of the child. A child born to an alcohol using woman has a great risk of being born with fetal alcohol syndrome, which causes distinctive cranial and facial defects, including a smaller head size, shortening of the eyelids, and a lowered brain capability. Developmental disabilities, heart defects, and behavioral problems are also more likely. There has been an outcry among women from Mombasa, a town in the Kenyan coast, that alcohol intake among their men folk is making them incapable of performing their conjugal duties. Alcohol consumption has also caused numerous health hazards within the continental standing similar to what is being experienced globally. Among such diseases common in Africa include: liver disease, physical injuries due to short 17 term effects of alcohol leave alone the psychological ailments that the family of the alcoholic has to go through (Asenjo, 2009). It is however important to note that unlike in western countries, in Africa alcohol is more reserved to the male population. Women who drink are seen as a social vice associated with prostitution and immorality hence, as such alcohol has gained much prevalence among men and as such most alcoholics are men. It is ironical that since times immemorial women have always prepared the brew, but they give it to their male counterparts for consumption. Alcoholism also increases instances of marriage break down due to such factors as domestic violence, neglect of responsibility (a major problem) and the psychological impacts involved mostly among the women fork and the children of the alcoholic husband cum father. However, unlike in the developed countries where there exists, in abundance, institutions dedicated to aid alcoholics shake off their habits, such facilities are very rare in the black continent. These can be attributed to the fact that in most communities, alcohol consumption is regarded as a traditional artifact and as the saying goes, â€Å"Mwacha mila ni mtumwa â€Å"(A Swahili proverb which translates into, â€Å"He who abandons tradition is a foreigner†. Also this can be cited as a reason mainly responsible for low instances of withdrawal in the continent. Withdrawal, if any, is due to ones own efforts or in some instances pressure from a particular class in the community for instance, church or ones own family. It is, however, important to note that despite the ‘naked’ impacts (negative) caused by alcohol all over the continent, not much has been done to better understand the problem from a continental stand point and whatever presumptions that exists about alcoholism, are just mere generalizations, in that case, of what happens in the west to be applicable in Africa as well, which might not always be the case owing to the so obvious cultural and social difference 18 2. 4 Local Impact The devastating effects of alcohol and drugs on young people can be felt bare today. Experts have sounded alarming bells after two studies revealed that school children as young as eleven are falling prey to alcohol. Research at the African Mental Health foundation says that in the last four years the use of alcohol and other drugs among young people has increased by a staggering 71 percent. In Kenya, unrecorded alcohol consumption is estimated to be 5. 0 litres of pure alcohol per capita for population older than 15 years for the years after 1995, estimated by a group of key alcohol experts (WHO, 2004). A 1997 to 1998 survey sponsored by the Economic ad Social Research council and The British Institute

Franklin Delano Roosevelt :: essays research papers

Franklin Delano Rooesvelt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This essay will focus on the life of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Roosevelt devoted much of his later years in life to help the needy. As president, Roosevelt passed as many bills, lobbing for as much congressional support as he could get to aid him in his attempts to help the unemployed, starving and poor people that society had forgotten. President Roosevelt has often been called the most beneficial president that America has had in the twentieth century, some may argue that he was the best president since Lincoln. Roosevelt truly dedicated his life to humanitarian efforts worldwide, never stopping to take a break until his unfortunate early death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Never in the history of the United States had there ever been such a terrible, long-lasting, economic depression then the one that began just before President Roosevelt ran for his first presidential election. Thirteen million people were out of work, about one quarter of the working age population and cities - as well as states - were losing money fast, as there were no taxes to be collected. Schools were closed because the states did not have enough money to fund them and people were homeless and starving; living - and dying - on the very streets where just a few years ago America experienced its first economic boom. This sets the stage for the most triumphant presidency this country has ever seen. Triumphant not only over the war that was to follow but also over economic as well as social barriers. It would be nothing short of the truth to say that President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his staff saved this country from total economic collapse. President Roosevelt’s heritage traces all the way back to our great nation’s colonial times. Being of Dutch and English ancestry, his ancestor, Klaes Martensen had been a Dutch immigrant, settling in New York in 1645. Almost two hundred years later, on January 30, 1882, Franklin Delano was born. Both of his parents had come from upper-class families. His father, James Roosevelt was the vice president of the Delaware and Hudson Railway Company. Franklin lived a life almost all would envy, growing up about 100 miles north of New York City on his parents’ Hyde Estate. The estate, totaling about 100 acres in size overlooked the Hudson River and had a breathtaking view of the Catskill mountains. He led a good life, going to well-renound private schools then graduating, to attend Harvard and later Colombia Law School.

Animal Testing :: essays research papers fc

Animal testing is an issue in today's society that, whether anyone realizes it, does affect each of us. Such as transplants, vaccines, and medicine. Nearly each and every one of us today have received vaccine shots. We have all used medications. We have all heard of transplant technology. This above example I have used is farfetched. Brain transplants are not an everyday occurrence. They are not yet, at least. However, kidney and heart transplants are beginning to become a more and more common every day. Who knows what is possible with the proper research. Today there are a great deal of people who oppose animal testing in laboratory research. This is limiting our medical capabilities . Could we be holding ourselves back from medical breakthroughs such as a cure for cancer or AIDS? Animal testing is already controlled to a great extent. Many cats and dogs are killed annually by shelters and pounds. Animal testing is not as cruel as it is portrayed and is an essential to reaching medical breakthroughs. Special controls on laboratory animals have been in place since 1876. These have been revised in 1986. These laws are now more commonly known as the revised Animals Act of 1986. This law allows for scientist to perform testing while also safe guarding the animals. Prior to any testing a cost benefit analysis must be applied. In this analysis they review the potential research benefits with the potential for animal suffering. All registered facilities are also required to establish an Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) that reviews and approves procedures involving animals before they take place. This organization also inspects facilities semiannually for compliance with the AWA. At least one member of the committee must be a veterinarian. At least one member must be a "public" member, not affiliated with the institution, who represents the general community interest in the care and treatment of the animals. Research facilities must undergo many regulation to ensure animal safety. These regulations are being met on a monthly basis. (#2) There are approximately 56-100 million cats and 54 million dogs in the United States. It is estimated that 2,000 cats and 3,500 dogs are born every hour. There are an estimated 15 million dogs and cats that are put to death in pounds and shelters each year. These cats and dogs are put to their death for the lone reason that the pounds and shelters are overcrowded. Approximately 17-22 million animals are used in research laboratory's each year. That is just about 5 million more animals put to death in labs than are put to death in

Animal Cruelty’s Effect to Society Essay

People often think that animals are just unconscious creatures that don’t care about their daily lives. But they are actually just like us, they are living breathing creatures with simple lives and priorities. They prioritize more important things like, food, shelter and caring for their young and not like unimportant things like what they’re going to wear, who’ll look better and the like. But since we are the dominant species, then we are the ones who are supposed to help them when they are in need and care for them if they need medical care. But sometimes people just underestimate them and abuse them for fun, money , scientific experiments, etc. But they don’t see that they’re actually causing harm to them and to the society, they just think that they’re only here for food and entertainment. But that’s where they’re wrong, they’re actually the ones that should be the dominant species since they’re here first and we’re the ones that are supposed to help them know more about the world. So we should also help while they’re alive so we’ll have more use to them and we should spend our lives, sharing the world with them and not trying to wipe them out of the face of the earth. Some people say, â€Å"We help them, they help us. † That is true because if you’re kind enough to them then they’ll help you when you’re in trouble but some people misunderstood that, they think that we should help them by feeding them and they should help us by letting us kill them for profit. But that’s not how it should be, we should treat them as our own, help them as if they’re humans. Because without them, then we wouldn’t exist right now because all life begins from animals from the sea and they evolved to be available to be on land until they evolved to turn into us. Also if some animals disappeared from existence, it may have some chaotic results If the bees, butterflies, bats and other animals that can pollinate disappear then plants will not bear flowers, other plants might get extinct and lower the oxygen from our planet. If frogs, lizards, chameleons and the like disappeared then flies, locusts and possibly mosquitoes would be everywhere causing food contamination, damaged crops, dengue fever and more catastrophic things. But in some cases when animals attack people, they still shouldn’t kill them because it’s just in their instinct to attack if hey feel threatened or if their territory has been crossed. But people could still defend theirselves by tranquilizing them and sending them for check up after because in some instances they are sick and confused which causes them to attack. Sometimes they might not understand us but we should also learn understand them. Animals help humans, humans must also help animals. You can tell a lot about a person by the way they treat animals. If you treat them nicely then people would know that you can do the same to other people. But if you treat them violently then that means you have the ability to harm or kill people. â€Å"Anyone who has accustomed himself to regard the life of any living creature as worthless is in danger of arriving also at the idea of worthless human lives,† wrote humanitarian Dr. Albert Schweitzer. And according to Robert K. Ressler, who developed profiles of serial killers for the FBI, â€Å"Murderers †¦ very often start out by killing and torturing animals as kids. † This proves some murderers start out as an animal abuser which then would make them curious on if killing animals is just as â€Å"fun† as killing people. Animal cruelty is not just caused by the abusers’ curiosity, it’s also a symptom of a mental disturbance. Some researches in psychology and criminology shows that people who commit animal cruelty rarely stop there, many of them later moves on to abusing or killing their fellow humans. Most of the records of the FBI shows a history of animal cruelty to many murderers and other criminals. There was a study in Northeastern University and the SPCA of the Massachusetts(USA) which shows that people who commit animal cruelty are five times more likely commit violent crimes against humans. The majority of the inmates at San Quentin penitinary who are sentenced to be executed for committing murder, â€Å"practiced† their crimes on animals before committing their crimes according to the warden. Some people who are cruel to animals are also cruel to children and their family. People who often neglect the needs of their pets often also neglect their children’s needs. Animal abuse is also an important indicator of child abuse, sometimes when children witness their parents abusing animals they can get influenced by their parents to do so too because of reacting to anger and frustration. Their violence might be directed at the only individuals in the family who are more vulnerable than they are: animal companions. One expert says, â€Å"Children in violent homes are characterized by †¦ frequently participating in pecking-order battering,† in which they might maim or kill an animal. Childhood cruelty to animals is indeed in the history of domestic violence. But in some cases animal cruelty is often discovered before the child abuse because it is more obvious to the neighbours that often hear the cries and howls of the animals because children are often threatened not to scream by their parents or else they’ll get hurt even more. Because of that, animal control agents which are possibly called by the neighbours are allowed to go into the house to investigate and then later possibly see the children with their scars and bruises which leads to being reported to social workers. This means that both the most vulnerable creatures in the house (the children and the pets) are abused by the adults. This proves that discrimination is present in the house. Some organizations such as the Baltimore police, The New Jersey Coalition of Battered Women and The Guelph Humane Society(Canada) work with animal control. Working with other agencies is called Cross Reporting which helps solve multiple cases. A study shows that 40% of battered women delayed seeking refuge from their abuser if their animal companion is included. This could possibly mean that the animals are also being abused along with the women since they find comfort from each other. These studies have led to a collaboration among social services and government agencies to develop a program for foster care of those animals. There are currently 100 programs in the US. Violence begins early specially for boys, some adults consider their children’s abusive behaviour to animal to the saying that â€Å"Boys will be boys. † Children who abuse animals should be treated with special care or else it might lead to a horrible way of life. Animal cruelty also proves the fact that most people don’t think before they do stuff because they don’t think of the consequences of their actions. Everyone should treat animals, children and women fairly because we are all here to help each other on going through our daily lives. People should stop discrimination and learn how to live peacefully together.